Gabriel Fahrenheit

The temperature scale of Celsius has long been recognized worldwide. However, even today in the USA and England they often use the temperature scale created at the beginning of the 18th century by the German physicist and glass blower Fahrenheit and named after him. The scientist forever entered the history of world science as the inventor of the world’s first glass mercury thermometer. A person has long been concerned about the idea of ​​creating a device that makes it possible to measure the temperature of everything that surrounds him – fire, air, water, and the temperature of his own body. The appearance of the thermometer is associated with the names of various scientists, including Lord Bacon, the Italian doctor Santorio, Robert Flood, and others, but Galileo, who created a device similar to the current thermoscope, is considered to be the inventor. In 1667, the first description of a thermometer with a liquid. Initially they were filled with water, but the water often froze and the thermometers burst. After unsuccessful experiments with water, it was decided to replace it with wine spirit. Gabriel Fahrenheit gave the thermometer its usual shape. At first, he also filled the tubes with alcohol, but later he used mercury as a liquid for a thermometer. Today a lot of different thermometers appeared. Among them: liquid, mechanical, technical, electronic and others. Liquid thermometers operate on the principle of changing the volume of mercury or alcohol in a thermometer, if the ambient temperature changes. Thermometers are the most common type of thermometer. The most accurate are mercury thermometers. However, they are far from safe, they should be used very carefully. If the thermometer still broke, it is necessary to observe strict precautions to collect spilled mercury balls. Expert Mercury company https://expert-rtuti.ru/demerkurizatsiya-rtutnyh-termometrov/ offers services for de-mercuration of mercury thermometers at affordable prices. Today, to replace the mercury thermometers gradually come electronic or digital. The future scientist was born in Danzing (Gdańsk) on 24.05.1686 in the family of the wealthy merchant Daniel Fahrenheit and Concordia Schumann, daughter of the famous Danzing merchant. At the age of 15, he lost both of his parents who had poisoned mushrooms in one day. Initially, the young man decides to continue the work of his father, and for 4 years he has been intensively studying a trade business in Amsterdam. However, soon the young man was tired of selling science and became interested in applied natural sciences, began to engage in research, made numerous experiments, was interested in scientific instruments and their manufacture. He travels a lot in Europe, visited Germany, Holland, England, where he studies physics, meets well-known scientists O.Remer, C. Wolf, G. Leibnitz. Settling in 1717 in The Hague, Fahrenheit will live here until the end of his life, successfully doing science, glass making and creating new measuring instruments. He invented his alcohol thermometer in 1709, in 1714 the scientist designed a more successful mercury thermometer. To accurately record temperature changes, the scientist introduced a standard temperature scale. The zero of its scale was equal to the temperature of the “cocktail” of water, ice, and ammonia. The other point on the scale was designated as 32 ° F, which corresponded to the melting temperature of the ice. The temperature of a healthy person was equivalent to 96 ° F, the temperature at which water flowed was 212 ° F. The interval between the melting and boiling points was divided by 180 degrees. The scientist described in detail the method of making the thermometer and the temperature scale he created, which was set with 3 fixed temperature points, in 1723. In 1724, the scientist was elected a member of the English Royal Society. In addition to the mercury thermometer, he is credited with the invention of the first weighting areometer, thermobarometer. The scientist found the dependence of the boiling point of a liquid on atm. pressure and the amount of salt in it, in 1721 described the phenomenon of supercooling of water, in 1724 made the table beats. scales tel. Died a talented scientist, an outstanding master of the manufacture of scientific instruments and tools 09/16/1736 at the age of 50 years in The Hague.